Thomas Malthus on Population

In 1798, a 32-year-old British economist anonymously published a lengthy pamphlet criticizing the views of the Utopians who believed that life could and would definitely improve for humans on earth. The hastily written text, An Essay on the Principle of Population as it Affects the Future Improvement of Society, with Remarks on the Speculations of Mr. Godwin, M. Condorcet, and Other Writers, was published by Thomas Robert Malthus. Thomas Robert Malthus Born on February 14 or 17, 1766 in Surrey, England, Thomas Malthus was educated at home. His father was a Utopian and a friend of the philosopher David Hume. In 1784 he attended Jesus College and graduated in 1788; in 1791 Thomas Malthus earned his masters degree. Thomas Malthus argued that because of the natural human urge to reproduce human population increases geometrically (1, 2, 4, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, etc.). However, food supply, at most, can only increase arithmetically (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.). Therefore, since food is an essential component to human life, population growth in any area or on the planet, if unchecked, would lead to starvation. However, Malthus also argued that there are preventative checks and positive checks on the  population that slow its growth and keep the population from rising exponentially for too long, but still, poverty is inescapable and will continue. Thomas Malthus example of population growth doubling was based on the preceding 25 years of the brand-new United States of America. Malthus felt that a young country with fertile soil like the U.S. would have one of the highest birth rates around. He liberally estimated an arithmetic increase in agricultural production of one acre at a time, acknowledging that he was overestimating but he gave agricultural development the benefit of the doubt. According to Thomas Malthus, preventative checks are those that affect the birth rate and include marrying at a later age (moral restraint), abstaining from procreation, birth control, and homosexuality. Malthus, a religious chap (he worked as a clergyman in the Church of England), considered birth control and homosexuality to be vices and inappropriate (but nonetheless practiced). Positive checks are those, according to Thomas Malthus, that increase the death rate. These include disease, war, disaster, and finally  when other checks dont reduce the population, famine. Malthus felt that the fear of famine or the development of famine was also a major impetus to reduce the birth rate. He indicates that potential parents are less likely to have children when they know that their children are likely to starve. Thomas Malthus also advocated welfare reform. Recent Poor Laws had provided a system of welfare that provided an increased amount of money depending on the number of children in a family. Malthus argued that this only encouraged the poor to give birth to more children as they would have no fear that increased numbers of offspring would make eating any more difficult. Increased numbers of poor workers would reduce labor costs and ultimately make the poor even poorer. He also stated that if the government or an agency were to provide a certain amount of money to every poor person, prices would simply rise and the value of money would change. As well, since population increases faster than production, the supply would essentially be stagnant or dropping so the demand would increase and so would price. Nonetheless, he suggested that capitalism was the only economic system that could function. The ideas that Thomas Malthus developed came before the industrial revolution and focuses on plants, animals, and grains as the key components of the diet. Therefore, for Malthus, available productive farmland was a limiting factor in population growth. With the industrial revolution and the increase in agricultural production, land has become a less important factor than it was during the 18th century. Thomas Malthus printed the second edition of his Principles of Population in 1803 and produced several additional editions until the sixth edition in 1826. Malthus was awarded the first professorship in Political Economy at the East India Companys College at Haileybury and was elected to the Royal Society in 1819. Hes often known today as the patron saint of demography and while some argue that his contributions to population studies were unremarkable, he did indeed cause population and demographics to become a topic of serious academic study. Thomas Malthus died ​in Somerset, England in 1834.

Public Relations The s Mission, Purpose, Strategic...

[FONTERRA CRISIS] PUBLIC RELATIONS ASSIGNMENT PUBLIC RELATION MAR 8087. NAME:KOTAPATI.GOPINATH REDDY ROLL NO:C2190 SUBMITING TO:NIYAZ 1Q State what Fonterra’s mission, purpose, strategic plans, structure, policies and current relation issues are. How do you think this will this affect the public relations campaign and what should be the objectives of that campaign? Vision / mission:- It’s this passion that is reflected in our vision to share dairy with the world. Around the world we want our customers to think ‘Fonterra’ first when they think dairy. In our branded markets we want our consumers to have our brands top-of-mind as the leaders of dairy. If we achieve this we will have achieved our vision of being the natural source of dairy nutrition for everybody, everywhere, every day. Its’ a bold goal, but it’s grounded in reality. We have what it takes. †¢ Fonterra has generations of dairy expertise behind us. We will be at the forefront of dairy innovation for generations to come. †¢ Every day, our knowledge, our products and our people combine to bring the best of dairy to our customers and consumers around the world and the best returns to our business. Each day, we add to our reputation. †¢ For us, tomorrow is not just another day – it’s an opportunity to make our vision real. VALUES:- †¢ As individuals, we are shaped by different cultural, professional and personal experiences. †¢ Our shared values enable us to combine our personal strengths with those ofShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of The Acu Induction Program1288 Words   |  6 Pagesrole and responsibilities and to the ACU Mission, culture, ethos, community, organisational structure and the legal requirements associated with employment at the University. 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Eight Unique Features of E-commerce Technology with examples

Question: Describe about the Features of E-Commerce Company for Amazon.com. Answer: Introduction This report deals with features of E-Commerce Company, amazon.com. Amazon is a multinational retail and E-Commerce Company that deal with various ranges of clothing, foods, gifts, and many more products, headquartered in the city of Seattle, Washington. Amazon is UKs biggest retail group, especially in its fashion business and all kind of home furnishings. E-Commerce Company deals with four major market segments: C2C, B2B, B2C, and C2B. Amazon basically deals with B2C and B2B model of E-Commerce, where they offer various products to their customers (Amazon.co.uk. 2016).Recently electronic commerce company typically uses websites to deliver product through online shopping and provides a single platform to reach customers. This report analyses the features and benefits of Amazon and features of e-commerce. Amazon is working all over the world and delivers their product in global market. It is a platform that gives lots of variety to the customer for the same kind of product line, also allows comparing various products and the price of those products. E-commerce model There are many electronic commerce models depends upon which company adopt which type of model to deliver their product to customers. Organization categorizes business model of e commerce sectors in four major parts: Consumer to Consumer, Business to Business, Business to Consumer, and Consumer to Business. Amazon uses Business to Consumer and Business to Business model to deliver their product to customers and allow various sellers to reach their target customers as well (Hartono et al. 2014). The business model for online retailer is often known as e-tailers and e-distributors. This depends upon the type of market Amazon focus on. Amazon in the Business to Consumer sectors focus on individual consumers and in Business to Business they target the seller to offer various product on their websites. A customer can view products directly on the website of Amazon and choose a product to order the same (Huang and Benyoucef 2013). Figure 1: Business to customer model Source: Created by author Seven features of e-commerce (Amazon) According to Huang and Benyoucef (2015), the main features of E-commerce Retail Company are to reach people at a mass to offer huge option for shopping. That reduces time and help people to shop from home. That reduces the effort of people in their day to day life. The seven unique feature of E-commerce is: Ubiquity, Global reach, Universal standard, Richness, Interactivity, Information density, and personalization. Ubiquity Amazon is characterized by its ubiquity, it is available almost everywhere. Amazon provides E-Commerce solution to the customers and gives their presence to every where through their websites (Qu et al. 2015). Customers can purchase products without going anywhere to physical stores or out let of the company and they can make purchase from their desktop only. Amazon offers product of many companies and brand in a single platform which help them to reach to their prospects and customer can also get their needs fulfilled. The ubiquity of Amazon lowers the cognitive energy that refers to mental effort required to complete the task. Global Reach Amazon allows business transaction on the global boundaries more easily reachable and more effective with respect to traditional business. The total number of customer Amazon can get depends on their reach to the global market. Without going any outlet Amazon help other brand and customer to reach a single platform to buy or and selling their product (Dorius and Alwin 2012). In contrast with traditional business, Amazon crossed national boundaries to global customer. Universal standard E-Commerce technology is an unusual technology that makes Amazon to deliver same standard of product to everyone locally or globally. Standard can greatly affect the market and also reduces the cost of delivery the products to the customers. Amazons product remains same to their every customer and the way they deliver that to the customer. Amazon is a E-Commerce giant, hence they maintain their standard worldwide. They are doing well in terms of quality of their product as various brand remains under same platform. Richness Advertisement and promotional activity is important to any business. Amazon can deliver the advertisement and promotional activity to the customer through the internet very effectively. And that advertisement help to sell product to the mass and that influence the customer to a great extent. One of the lacking is that the company and business are not able to reach the target people physically. The traditional business enjoyed the same but Amazon trying to reach mass by advertisements and offers they provide to customers. Interactivity Amazon selling activity or mode of selling is two way communications as both customer and seller can express themselves in a same platform as well. Customers get what they want to purchase and seller sells what they manufacture to satisfy the customers need and demand. Amazon tries to engage a consumer in a same way similar to face to face experience in global scale. It is not possible to meet customers physically if a company is dealing with E-Commerce Company so keeping in touch with customers and making the transaction interactive is one of the features of Amazon. Information density The density of information affects the business that can be reduced through internet technology and reduces the information collection and processing cost (Speyer 2015). But it also increases the accuracy and information is more useful tool for the E-Commerce. Amazon reduces information search regarding various brands, processing of same and the communication cost as a result it increases the quality of search to fulfill the demand as required. Amazon can discover customers interest, at the same time company can offer same product with a competitive price to the cost sensitive customers. That helps Amazon to enhance their product in term of quality, cost and brand. Personalization/ Customization According to Bharati and Chaudhury (2015), Amazon customizes their website to reach people of various countries. They design the website according to the conveniences of the locals of that country. E-Commerce provides stronger customer relation through the personalized service as well. Personalized and customized offering of Amazon also helps them to increase the customer satisfaction level. This also permits Amazon to understand the consumer behavior through their past purchase and company offers them product accordingly. Amazon personalize low priced product of their customer but they lack in customizing high price products because the brands of high quality deliver their customized product to customer. Implementation of feature by Amazon An E-Commerce company acquire above feature to enhance their business so that they can achieve their organizational goal and customer satisfaction (Bermudez et al. 2012). Amazon follows all the above features but lacks in some of the points and doing well in some of them. Features of E-commerce(Amazon) Standards Business significance (Amazon) Improvement required Ubiquity Availability of web and internet technology Doing well: web technology Global reach Global offering of product Doing well: globally reached Universal standards Single set of standard worldwide Poor: depends on the product delivery Richness Video audio and message set Doing well: personal reach is present through web and social media. Interactivity Two way communication Poor: two way interaction is limited, based on feedback Information density Reduces information costs and raises quality Doing well: huge offering decrease information search Personalization / Customization Personalized message for individuals Poor: do not offer personalized products Table 1: feature illustration of Amazon Source: created by Author Findings Amazon as an E-Commerce company provides variety of product to all the customers nationally and internationally. This report found that Amazon: Provides wide range of product Is present in global market Provides personalized product Business model is very attractive to customers Fully working is internet market Suggestions Amazon is an E-Commerce giant need to concentrate on some of the part of their business. Amazon should create: Trust Security User friendly websites Site speed everywhere Provide meticulous details Review and testimonial desk Feedback desk for complaint solution. Action plan for Amazon The required action plan for the Amazon is to concentrate on various plan. The basic factors that need to concentrate are: customer service, marketing, public relation, research and development. The figure below illustrates the following fields. Activity Day 1 Day 15 Day 16- Day30 Day 31- Day 45 Day 45- Day 60 Customer service marketing Public relation Research and development Table 2: Action plan Source: Created by Author Conclusion This project concludes that Amazon has become an important part of daily lives in United Kingdom. The features that Amazon has making them a market leader in E-Commerce industry. Although with some of the lacking Amazon is trying to serve the customer with wide range of variety. This project also concludes that Amazon has presence in many country and they serve the customers of that country. Amazon is using their above mentioned features to make their business successful and getting customer loyalty as reward. Author concludes that with global presence Amazon is creating a benchmark for their competitor in a way to serve customer well. References Amazon.co.uk. (2016).Amazon.co.uk: Low Prices in Electronics, Books, Sports Equipment more. [online] Available at: https://www.amazon.co.uk [Accessed 22 Mar. 2016]. Bermudez, G.M.T., Rojas, D.D. and Gomez, P.V., 2012, June. E-commerce model for the interaction of the links in the supply chain of the textile sector in Bogota Colombia. In7th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI 2012). Bharati, P. and Chaudhury, A., 2015. Product customization on the web: an empirical study of factors impacting choiceboard user satisfaction.Bharati, P. and Chaudhury, A.(2006),Product Customization on the Web: An Empirical Study of Factors Impacting Choiceboard User Satisfaction, Information Resources Management Journal,19(2), pp.69-81. Dorius, S.F. and Alwin, D.F., 2012. The global reach of egalitarianism: Worldwide trends in gender beliefs.Unpublished document, Iowa State University. Retrieved from https:// www. soc. iastate. edu/ staff/ dorius/ Cohort,20. Hartono, E., Holsapple, C.W., Kim, K.Y., Na, K.S. and Simpson, J.T., 2014. Measuring perceived security in B2C electronic commerce website usage: A respecification and validation.Decision Support Systems,62, pp.11-21. Huang, Z. and Benyoucef, M., 2013. From e-commerce to social commerce: A close look at design features.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,12(4), pp.246-259. Huang, Z. and Benyoucef, M., 2015. User preferences of social features on social commerce websites: An empirical study.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,95, pp.57-72. Qu, W.G., Pinsonneault, A., Tomiuk, D., Wang, S. and Liu, Y., 2015. The impacts of social trust on open and closed B2B e-commerce: A Europe-based study.Information Management,52(2), pp.151-159. Speyer, A., 2015. Information Density as a Factor for Embedding A language-historical Study of Causal Clauses.SPRACHWISSENSCHAFT,40(4), pp.453-485.

Lie and Deception

Mankind has been endowed with the gift of communication use both verbal and non-verbal means. However, meaningful communication among the people is usually distorted by willful lie and deception. Deception refers to intentional distraction of information between people in a relationship and usually leads to distrust between the partners (Rondina and Workman 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Lie and Deception specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It usually involves the violation of rules governing relationships and is regarded to be an outright contravention of what is expected each of the relational party. In any interaction, people expect their close friends, family members, as well as unfamiliar persons to exercise the highest degree of truthfulness. It is unfortunate that human beings have a natural tendency of wanting to deceive in their day to day interactions. Some forms of deception that may be ment ioned include lies, concealments or omissions, understatement which involves limiting truth, equivocations where an individual make contradicting statements, and exaggeration of truth. A lie is the act of claiming to have some information or disseminating or withholding information from an individual (Cullen 2). Usually, the information supplied is farther from the truth. The research paper explores lie and deception from a psychological perspective. Different groups have realised the need to detect lies and deceptions especially the forensic psychologists, the police, security experts, and those in relationships. A lie refers to a statement that is usually made deliberately with an intention of misleading or deceiving another; it is a deliberate telling of falsehood (Rondina and Workman 3). It is also a form of deception and has been categorised into different types. They include: being economical with the truth, propaganda, bluffing, emergency lie, the big lie, and so forth. The a bility to detect lies and deceptions is a useful skill that any manager, employer, and many activities that help one from either becoming a victim. Psychological researchers have realised that they can investigate individuals suspected of lying. They use both body and language and can tell whether one is telling the truth or not (Cullen 25). It has been established that with objective observation of an individual’s body language by concentrating on the physical gestures as well as the verbal cues, one can tell if a person is lying or not. A number of physical gestures have been associated with deception and that it is possible to understand the body language. If an individual is being untruthful during communication, the individual’s overt expression will be limited and strained (Cullen 41). The movement of the arms and hand will also be limited and if any, they would be highly self-centered. They would also not spread their hands when seated on a sofa or leave them on their on when standing.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In other words, the liar will appear to be shrinking into him/herself. Another clear that a person is not telling the truth is that he or she will not make direct eye contact or if made, it would be prolonged. In case of any hand movement, they would be directed towards the face, holding the throat as well as the mouth. Moreover, the individual would be touching their nose or rubbing at the back of their ear (Rondina and Workman 11). With keen observation, such an individual would not be seen touching the chest with widely opened hand. The standing posture also tells a lot about the truthfulness of what an individual is saying at any particular time and psychologists would read a lot from this. Psychological researchers in the field of human interactions in relation to lying have also found that emotional gestures can be used to effectively tell whether someone is being truthful (Cullen 49). A close observation of these gestures reveals clear contradictions from what would otherwise be natural expressions. When one is lying, the timing as well as the duration of emotional signs is usually out of the natural pace. The expression of these emotions may be delayed, or prolonged, and when they end suddenly than one would naturally anticipate (Rondina and Workman 16). For instance, when someone receives a gift and says â€Å"I love it!† in the course of receiving, and smiles later, instead of doing the two concurrently, the person would probably be insincere. On the other hand, there is usually a mismatch between the verbal statements and gestures or expressions when one is lying. A truthful person’s expressions would involve the whole face unlike the one who is telling a lie or faking emotions since the facial expressions would only involve the mouth. The other way through which one can detect lies is by investigating the behaviour of an individual interactions and how they react. Research findings reveal that a liar would always be on the defensive while an innocent person will always be offensive during interpersonal relationships (Rondina and Workman 30). Eye contact during interaction also tells a lot; the liar will often avoid direct eye contact with the questioner. A liar is likely to cross his hands over the chest as well as fold the legs; this is an indication that he or she is trying to withhold some information.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Lie and Deception specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This scenario is usually evident during interviews or when police are interrogating a suspect. Liars are more likely to use the words of the questioner when answering. They are also known for avoiding pronouns and introducing other parties into what involves them, for instance: Police o fficer: Did you steal the electrical appliances from your neighbor? Suspect (While facing the ground): No, I did not steal any electrical appliances from my neighbor. Police officer: Where were you on the night of December 31, 2010? Suspect (With a raised tone): Even my family members know,†¦did not do anything evil on that night. It can be concluded that lying and deception raises moral concern when it comes to interpersonal relationships. The consequences of lying can be so hurting on the victim. People ought to be truthful in whatever they say or do despite the myth that truth is a bitter pill to swallow. Works Cited Cullen, Sharon. Understanding Deception. Samhain Plc. 2009: 1- 57Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Rondina, Catherine Workman, Dan. Lying: Deal With It Straight Up. James Lorimer Co. 2006: 1-32 This research paper on Lie and Deception was written and submitted by user Tamia Howard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Biology Project free essay sample

# 8211 ; A.I.D.S. Essay, Research Paper A.I.D.S. ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ) is a really deathly disease. It is largely translated through the blood, sharing acerate leafs, sexual intercourse, and when an septic female parent breast-feeds her kid. In this essay I will demo you the causes, symptoms, clinical patterned advance, timeserving infections, and the intervention you can have to detain the effects of AIDSs. Aidss are caused by two viruses that belong to a group called retroviruses. Research workers in France discovered this in 1983 and in the U.S. in 1984. This was known as the HIV-1. HIV infects certain white blood cells. Some of these cells are the T-helper and the macrophages, which play cardinal functions in the immune system. HIV enters CD4 T-cells. The cell makes more HIV and it spreads to other CD4 cells. The cells finally die. Even though the immune system makes 1000000s of them everyday HIV kills them off every bit shortly as they are made. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page HIV must be present for the development of AIDSs. When you have HIV the symptoms you receive every few yearss tends to be much serious. Then other symptoms are created and are much more terrible. These include lymph secretory organs, fatigue, fever, loss of appetency and weight, diarrhoea, yeast infections of the oral cavity and vagina, and dark workout suits. The virus frequently infects the encephalon and nervous system. It may do memory upsets, motion and coordination jobs, weight loss, diminution in wellness, and some instances, decease. The patterned advance from the point of HIV infection to the clinical diseases that define AIDSs may take 6 to 10 old ages. This period of patterned advance can be monitored utilizing foster markers or clinical end points. When a individual has aids the figure of their CD4 T-cells, their white blood cells declines in figure. Within one to three hebdomads after infection with HIV, most people experience nonspecific flu-like symptoms such as febrility, concern, skin roseola, stamp lymph nodes, and unease. These symptoms last about one to two hebdomads. During this stage, known as acute retroviral syndrome, HIV reproduces to really high concentrations, circulates through the blood, and establishes infections throughout the organic structure, particularly in the lymph nodes. The septic individual # 8217 ; s CD4 T-cell count falls briefly but so returns to approach normal degrees as the individual # 8217 ; s immune system responds to the infection and limits the reproduction and spread of HIV. Infected victims may be peculiarly contagious during this period. Following acute retroviral syndrome, septic persons enter a drawn-out symptomless stage that can last 10 old ages or more. T hey remain in good wellness during this period, with degrees of CD4 T-cells in the low to normal scope ( 500 to 750 cells per mm3 of blood ) . Nevertheless, HIV continues to retroflex during the symptomless stage, doing progressive devastation of the immune system. Finally, the immune system diminutions and the individual enters the early diagnostic stage. This stage can last from a few months to several old ages and is characterized by quickly falling degrees of CD4 T-cells ( 500 to 200 cells per mm3 of blood ) and timeserving infections that are non life endangering. After the early diagnostic stage, the victim experiences the extended immune devastation and serious unwellness that characterize the late diagnostic stage. This stage can besides last from a few months to old ages, and the affected victim may hold CD4 T-cell degrees below 200 per mm3 of blood along with certain timeserving infections that define AIDS. When victims enter this phase they loss a uninterrupted sum of weight and becomes fatigued most of the clip. The immune system is in a province of terrible failure. The single finally enters the advanced AIDS stage, in which CD4 T-cell Numberss are below 50 per mm3 of blood, and decease due to severe dangerous timeserving infection s and malignant neoplastic diseases occurs within one to two old ages. HIV makes people more unfastened to diseases and such. In AIDSs the gradual weakening of the immune system allows progressively terrible infections and malignant neoplastic diseases to take consequence and finally it leads to decease. Death from AIDSs do non come from the HIV viruses but comes from timeserving infections. These infections are called timeserving because they take advantage of the harm done to the immune system. The most common 1s are pneumonia, yeast infections of the gorge, CMV retinitis, kaposi # 8217 ; s sarcoma, and TB. There are three anti HIV drugs that are presently licensed by the U.S. Food and Administration. They are all RT inhibitors: AZT, DDL, and DDC. These drugs are like DNA-chain eradicators. Once the drug is inserted, no extra Deoxyribonucleic acid bases can be added, and hence viral DNA synthesis is destroyed. But their consequence is non that great. They gave victims merely around another 6 months of life. Another reverse is that when you take these drugs together or with others it may take down the consequence. Besides it may do birth jobs. A.I.D.S. is a really serious disease. Many people die from this disease. If you don # 8217 ; t want to catch it, don # 8217 ; t utilize anyone # 8217 ; s needle and utilize a rubber during sexual intercourse, but even these aren # 8217 ; t 100 % safe.

LEARNING TEAM CHARTER TEAM C Essays - Team, Teams, Free Essays

LEARNING TEAM CHARTER TEAM C Essays - Team, Teams, Free Essays LEARNING TEAM CHARTER TEAM C Course TitleLDR/300 Team Members/Contact Information NamePhoneTime zone and Availability during the WeekEmail MonFri 6pm to 9pm Sat-Sun [emailprotected] Team Ground Rules and Guidelines Goal: Work together as a team to produce the best possible results. Collaborate to expose strengths of each team member. Share the load so that one team member does not shoulder all of the responsibility. Assignment Completion: Each team member must have their part of the collaborative assignment to the team leader by 9:00pm on Sunday night prior to assignment due date. This allows the team member putting together the assignment enough time to piece together the assignment and have the team approve it prior to submission. Expectations for Time Management and Involvement All team members will communicate via email, phone or student website. The Team Leader will coordinate with each team member via email or phone if timelines are not met or if the team leader has questions. If a team member has an emergency and cannot complete their portion of the assignment, that team member must notify the Team Leader immediately. The Team Leader will coordinate and assign additional task to cover the team member if necessary. Ensuring Fair and Even Contribution and Collaboration What strategy will you use to ensure that all team members are contributing and collaborating appropriately? Describe the communication strategy you will use if a team member is not contributing and collaborating effectively. How will the team manage conflicts between team members? Each member of the team will do their part of the assignment. They will commit to completing their part within the allotted time frame. If a team member is not communicating and collaborating, it will be up to the Team Leader to address the issue with the team member and try to get resolution. Team members who do not contribute their assigned portion of the assignment prior submission will not receive credit. Special Considerations What do you, as a team, agree will make this team experience different from past team experiences? The most important thing to insure success of the team is communication. Everyone needs to make sure that other team members know if they are having issues. If a team member has a question that is not being answered completely via e-mail or classroom communication, a phone call should be made to sort out the question. Messages received via text message should also be notated within the team forum. If there are assignments that require extra team involvement, it may become necessary to meet outside of class.

ECON Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ECON - Assignment Example Before purchasing goods using GBP, the consumers must exchange the dollars for pounds hence increased demand for pounds. The increase in demand for pounds will lead to an increased in the quantity of US dollars supplied to the foreign country and a decrease in the supply of pounds. The branded-drug maker offered to pay the generic entrant an amount of $10 million as a way of reducing inter-product cannibalization that would have ensued if the generic drug entered the market/industry. Paying off the generic entrant was a way of ensuring the generic drug stays far away from the branded drugs. With the generic drugs being much cheaper than the branded drugs, the branded drug maker was sure that consumers would go the generic brands and his chances of earning profit would be slim. Paying off the generic drug maker acted as a way of acquiring the substitute good and this means he would increase his profits. In this case, the firm should follow the strategy of inter temporal price discrimination where the price of the product varies with the time the product is bought. Therefore, the firm should sell the iPhone to technophiles at $400 now and sell it to normal people at $250 later. The technophiles are high value consumers in this case while the others are low value consumers. The normal people or low value customers will not purchase the iPhone unless the price is reduced and so the optimal pricing scheme is for the firm to first concentrate on the technophiles. The optimal pricing scheme will also include the production of two versions of iPhone so that the high value customers can get the expensive and high quality one while the low value customers will purchase the low quality depending on the price. There is dominant strategy portrayed by either player. Therefore, the equilibrium will be a mixed nash. If any of the players randomizes their selection of action by going 50% one way, then the other player will

Main Principles of Buddhism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Main Principles of Buddhism - Essay Example There are varied differences between Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism. In his work, Chodron (2001) indicates that Theravada puts a lot of focus on the Pali Canon or the Tripitaka whilst the Mahayana uses the books of Theravada Tripitaka and other sutras like the Lotus Sutra. In terms of Buddhas, Theravada is more inclined on the historical Buddha- the Gautama.   Mahayana applies the Gautama Buddha and other Buddhas like the medicine Buddhas and Amitabha (Chodron, 2001). With Theravada being located in the Southern- notable Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia and other parts of S.E. Asia- and Mahayana on the Northern part, their goals of training are different. Theravada teaches Arhat while Mahayana Buddha hood through the bodhisattva-path (Chodron, 2001). The languages are also different, Pali for Theravada and Sanskrit for Mahayana (Chodron, 2001). Theravada has few rituals that are not closely followed while Mahayana has numerous that are determined by local pressures on their culture s.In Buddhism, the reason for living is to be happy. Chodron (2001) argues that it is difficult to achieve this happiness as the world is full of uncertainties that cause discontent. In this case, individuals are expected to search their souls in the quest to attain happiness, since it is believed happiness comes from within an individual.  

Consumer society gives people choice.disscus this claim Essay

Consumer society gives people choice.disscus this claim - Essay Example One of the escalating habits nowadays is that, with the arrival of convenience stores, people spend much of their shopping in supermarkets. On average, in the USA, most people consume 275 pounds of meat, 635 pounds of paper among others. Further, there is an average of one passenger car for two people in the US, One passenger car for about three people in Europe, and one passenger car for 49 people in the developing countries. Overall, the argument that consumer society is driven by choices or that drives choice as far as consumption of goods and services are concerned must be examined in a number of ways. These should include understanding what consumer society is all about, the features of the Consumer Society, the drivers of Consumer society as it is today ,with advertisement and phenomenon/technologies like credit card being ‘forced’ on people, so that they can purchase more and more. Hinchcliff et al, (2009) see consumption as a lifestyle and something that comes as a result of socialization. It is therefore, for him, a lifestyle involving people using goods and services, as the last bearers. It therefore for him the end line of ‘economic activities’ begins with assessment of the resources available and goes on through to the production stage and distribution, to the point of usage (Hinchcliff et al, 2009, pg 20). Consumer Society, or rather Consumerism, has been viewed as an economic as well as a social structure tailored and lined on the calculated systematic creation and fostering of a desire to purchase goods and services in greater amounts and sometimes with a tinge of variety. It is a process that sows the seed of belongingness (Hinchcliff et al, 2009, pg 20). The major understanding by social scientists is that consumption presents different values, attitudes and a sense of belonging (Hinchcliff et al, 2009, pg 21). The characteristic of the consumer society can be examined in the context of the common

Voltaires Candide: Analysis of Tragedy and Humour

Voltaires Candide: Analysis of Tragedy and Humour Tragic Humor: Realism and Comedy as Satirical Tools in Voltaires Candide There are few chapters in Voltaires classic satire Candide that are wholly comedic; in truth, it seems there are fewer still that do not throw light on the tragic degradation, destruction, and immorality of a humanity fed on others misery. An optimist, the character of Candide should contrast directly the pessimism and unhappiness of the world around him. However, even his interactions and experiences do little, in reality, to combat an image of a cold and cruel world. This is, of course, at the root of Voltaires satirical genius. Candide is captured into the service of the Bulgarians, finds that his love, Mademoiselle Cunegondes family has been torn apart, she herself raped and almost killed, sold from one man to another until she can maintain her fortunes as a mistress to powerful men. Voltaires Candide experiences a reality that is chaotic in its duality, with not one faction of his life seeming safe or unalterable. Through the people he encounters and the ways in which they cope and shoulder the tragedy and gifts of their lives with equal aplomb, Candides struggle is edged with a wry humor. This humor works with the harshness of the reality to lend a human perspective to the political and social issues Voltaire seeks to satirize. It is difficult to pinpoint any one large instance of humor in Candide, quite simply because the humor is of a smaller nature. Instead it works to compliment the adventures of Candide, as he crisscrosses the world while drawing on and underlining the inequalities and tragedies of societys institutions. At the beginning of his travels, Candide still believes naively in the philosophy of his old teacher, Pangloss. This philosophy believes that, since everything is made for an end, everything is necessarily for the best end (Voltaire 521). Candide and Panglosss other pupils are soon confronted by the atrocities of the world death, destruction, rape, and deception and yet seem to largely still cling fondly to the memory and philosophy of their naively optimistic teacher. It is only after losing everything and hearing the tales of the others that Candide begins to see the folly in this philosophy. Through the humor laced encounters and near and absolute tragedy, Voltaire illustrates the resilience of humanity through such characters as the old woman who cares for Candide after he has been flogged by the Inquisition. The old woman has been through combinations of terror degradation that should have reduced her humanity but instead have created. The optimism inherent to Panglosss version of fate undermines the truth of life and glosses over pain and tragedy as part of a larger universal plan. However, the humor which peppers the old womans story, the Princess of Palestrina, shows the hypocrisy of the systems of society which propagates this ideal. A prime example of this humor is the womans description of her abduction by Morocco pirates. Our soldiers defended themselves as papal troops usually do; falling on their knees and throwing down their arms, they begged of the corsair absolution. (535). The image presented is meant to be both humorous and illustrative of the illusion of religion and social position. Though the family of the Pope, the old woman and the other women aboard are abandoned to the whim of the pirates. Neither their religious affiliation, social rank, money nor beauty are able to protect them from being murdered, and in the case of the old woman sold from broker to broker having in one instance one buttock sliced off to prevent herself from being cannibalized. While the woman has in some ways accepted her lot in life, showing complicity that is at the root of such institutionalized systems that promote obedience and blind acceptance, her humor lends to Voltaire overall satire on the notion of happiness as an abstracted ideal. Having suffered innumerable tragedies throughout her long life, the old woman notes, a hundred times I wanted to kill myself, but always I loved life more(538). This ridiculous weakness is perhaps the most disastrous of our inclinations; for is their anything sillier than to desire to bear continually a burden one always wishes to throw on the ground (538). While it is supportive, in her expression of it here, of Candides own optimism it still belies a realism that there is little in her tragedy that can or has been justified by man or God. She has suffered and in her suffering has sought to hold onto the brief victories and happiness that she has attained. Her point is later echoed by Candide when in explaining the i dea of optimism to Cacambo he shows that his own blind belief in the abstract of happiness preached by Pangloss is more madness than reality. In viewing the upset of Candides very notion of life through a harsh and dramatized realism, Voltaire leads the reader to Candides own conclusions. Humor works with this realism to act as a springboard for insinuations against the institutions and conventions that have created and prolonged some of the greatest miseries in the world. Voltaire, Francois-Marie Aronet de. Candide. The Norton Anthology of World Literature: 1650 to 1800. Ed. Sarah Lawall, et al. 2nd ed. Vol. D. New York: W.W. Norton Co., 2001. 520-582.

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Introduction This report will introduce a five star hotel of ‘ice world’ that is located in Zermatt, Switzerland. In addition, this essay will also introduce a business plan of the ‘ice world’ that includes business background, business goals, website goals and competitor websites. The main point of this report is to analyse the environment of target audiences and website competitors to find the website target market. Also research needs to be undertaken to find what kind of service suits customers of website tasks and to make a decision of how to design the website page templates, making page contents and tools. Moreover, the analysis process intends to increase marketing techniques and market share. Business Background Zermatt has 29 mountains around the little town, which has the best ice resort in the world and where local people can ski all year around. ‘Ice world’ is built in the middle of the Alps Mountain range and has 70 rooms that include 30 deluxe rooms and 15 presidential suites. There are also luxurious entertainment facilities in the ice hotel, such as an ice bar, massage service and spa, so that customers can enjoy their relaxation time. In addition, the restaurant also has a variety of food from around the world that can make customers feel at home. The hotel has 90 professional staff and provides the best industry standard of service to customers in this particular ice hotel. Business Goals The most important business goals are to increase market share and develop the benefit of the hotel, such as using the power of internet and social media to increase hotel popularity and build strong brands of the hotel. Although, respect of customer’s cultures is a vital part of hotel atmosphere, especially for internationa... ...tion from Internet. Use internet to reserve a room is very common to see, (Musante, Bojanic & Zhang, 2009) and it’s a good chance for hotel to advertising and increase market share. Our website has include some popular social media links that could help hotels to increase reputation and customers also can visit our websites in a very convenience way. Conclusion This report has shown that business goals, the objectives of a hotel’s website that with the two main competitors, comparative analysis of what’s do customers need and want. In addition, this report also displayed the features details of a hotel, and how it’s shown on the hotel's website. In conclusion, it’s introduced the some ways of treat people to view our hotel’s website, and how to increase people's interest. Moreover, these programs could help the hotel to achieve their goals, objectives and target.

Internship Report Sample

Is week 5 now, I have getting used to a lot of working procedure here and can handle customer all by myself. Besides handling customer, I also try to response and monitor the social page of the company in order to keep the page active and response to people who needed our services. In addition, I also practice how to use Photoshop during free time. On the other hand, learning how to use photoshop is not an easy job. I have try to create something but fail and end up passing the job to my colleague that is specialize on designing things.Nevertheless, I will keep on learning and hope that I can master it as soon as possible. Week 6 was different, besides of monitoring the social page and customer services, I worked in the workshop of the company and help in their production. In addition, I also follow one of my supervisors to some of the working site. Since it is week 6, I have watch how to produce some of the product in the workshop many times. So now I know how to help out my colleag ue in a right way to increase the production speed.Although I have make some minor mistake at the start, but it went down quite well after few times. My colleague also helps to fix my mistake and taught me how to do it correctly. Is week 7, everyday seems to be like a routine this week. Each morning I will open up the social media network which is Facebook to reply messages or enquiries on post that I post in the company page. If customer is convince to our service, I will proceed to payment and start processing their product. Besides that, I will also open up our email go do some email marketing and also see whether they is any reply in the mail.Week 8 is a bit challenging, I’m still doing those routine everyday but this week our supervisor ask me and my other colleague to create information for a new webpage. We will need to prepare price of the quotation for all the product need to be list in the webpage. Besides that, we also have to list out all the area that our company services are covering. There is a lot of problem during the process because we keep on editing the file until our supervisor is satisfied with our information.

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buy custom Career Background in Business essay

buy custom Career Background in Business essay I consider having a strong career background in business as the major reason behind my wish to enroll for a business course at the Lakeland College. I am interested in the field of business because I have a strong passion for business related studies, which I drew from various observations that I have made around the world. The essence f my desire emanate from my first encounter with real economics after reading a book titled misunderstanding by Larry Lang who is a renowned economist. I believe that studying this course will enable me come face to face with various economic issues that the society encounters on a day-to-day basis. This will in turn offer me an opportunity to collaborate with other people in search of solutions. I am also enthusiastic about economics, especially when it comes to international market dynamics. My keen interest is usually focused on understanding how international business is conducted among different countries or regions around the world. This is becau se I believe that business drives the world in many ways. Research is a vital academic undertaking that I believe has the potential to change the society in many ways. I believe that such undertakings are particularly crucial in business relaed endeavors. Therefore, I am confident that Lakeland College has a suitable environment to enable me do research in various areas in the field of business. This is because the institution is reputed for its quality in terms of education it offers. Besides, I have a lot of interest when it comes to researching and analyzing different economy related issues. Having done Global Pathway as a course at Northeastern University, I developed vital research skills. I was successfully able to write a capstone research project on principals of macroeconomics and pre-calculus, hence gaining a lot of knowledge about how to write a successful academic research paper. This is because I gained enough basic skills that are required when researching and writing reports about a particular project. In this line, I also participated in various programs where I contributed in different ways. During the weekends, I used to volunteer at a local child center and some time at a food bank. This gave me a real feeling of how business can be integrated with life, especially in terms of improving the standards of living by having better economic environments. In addition, I learnt how to interact with people hence improving my observation skills that enable me relate things easily and accurately. Countries that are big businesswise mainly influence the global economy. Therefore, I believe that having a Chinese background will offer me an opportunity to study the Chinese business dynamics since the country does a lot of trade with most if not all countries around the world. Therefore, I will be able to relate culture and traditions with business and establish different phenomena associated with them. Being an adept in English speaking and writing gives me an advantage of pursuing this course. This is because the course is offered in English language, hence posing no risk of ineffective learning because of a language barrier. Moreover, my first encounter with the Chinese economy was courtesy the Larry Lang book that talks about problem contradictions. This will enable me learn international business better. During free time, I like listening to music and playing tennis as well as painting. In addition, I can pay a violin, thus showing my interest in music too. In other words, I m interested in artwork. I believe that the Lakeland College is the best place for me to pursue my career dreams and at the same time enjoy education alongside my hobbies. I am looking forward to your consideration. Buy custom Career Background in Business essay

Qualitative study Dis wk 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Qualitative study Dis wk 9 - Essay Example Such analysis helps in making quantitative analysis more reliable and valid as compared to qualitative analysis (Stoep and Johnson, 2008). It is also imperious to note that qualitative research ensures completion of more specific information dissimilar to the more common quantitative research findings. Besides the differences, there exist significant similarities. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis presents a problem subsequent to development of data analysis. In addition, both the techniques employ use of theories but with different strategies (Vander Stoep and Johnston, 2009). It is essential to note that quantitative and qualitative data are similarly descriptive giving valid information. This makes both methods quite evaluative. Qualitative strategy research questions would entail types of non-numerical data or responses that involve ideas, feelings, and knowledge about a subject. Researchers use such research questions to understand non-numerical perception of research subjects. In general, qualitative research established tremendous changes in education technology sector to improve performance in teaching and learning. Teachers and educational officers establish excellent recommended strategies through qualitative research questions and analysis to transform the society through

Management of leg ulcer infected Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management of leg ulcer infected - Essay Example It is necessary to warn that leg ulcer infected by this virus leads also to limited functionality, mobility and constant disturbing pain. It is seen that this diseases is serious and it requires thorough treatment and management in order to cure and to prevent infection's spreading. Doctors advise to eat raw foods and steamed vegetables for several months in order to improve and to speed treatment process. But this diet has to be only additional method of management involving surgical operation or other methods. It was mentioned that people infected should eat also leafy vegetables of dark color to increase intake of vitamin K MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) is known to be a type of bacteria which appears and lives on skin, legs, in mouth or nose of approximately one third of completely healthy people. Commonly it is not harmful, but when it occasionally gets into person's body through wounds and breaks of skin it can cause such infections as ulcer, impetigo, abscesses, warts, etc. but what is more important to know is that MRSA is the cause of more serious diseases involving blood poisoning, heart-valve infection or infection in bones(Phillips 1991). Leg ulcer is a chronic condition caused either by MRSA infection or by incompetent work of venous system in legs or feet. Capillary pressures and permeability is affected in the result. Leg ulcers are open sores which usually develop on infected areas of skin in the lower extremities such as legs and feet (usually above ankle and below the knee area). When the tissues are infected by MRSA bacteria it becomes to erode and as the result the skin develops open sores. If the leg ulcers develop open sores and skin is broken the process of healing is very slow. General treatment includes: wound dressing changes, elevation, patient psychological education and external compression. In hard cases the surgery intervention is needed(Callam 1985). It is also necessary to define the possible reasons of ulcer developing. They are: Vascular diseases Trauma and physical circumstances Metabolic disease Possible symptoms infected by MRSA: leg ulcer as the result of infection develops usually inside the leg and below the ankle. It is known that ulcers are open wounds which can ooze sticky fluid and then wounds crust over. The common signs are pain, skin sensitivity and itching. Symptoms of developing ulcer are: Skin becomes purple on the infected area Skin becomes thick and dry Skin starts itching in infected area(Phillips 1991). But it is necessary to admit that ulcer infected by MRSA is too difficult to cure, because this type of bacteria becomes nowadays resistant to many types of antibiotics, for example to antibiotic methicillin. One possible way treatment is surgical treatment aimed at treating leg ulcer by means of skin grafting. But there are other surgical treatment approaches. For example, in a study (Phillips 1991) surgery intervention includes "superficial stripping and excision of varices, subfascial perforating vein interruption, excision and skin grafting, excision and free flap coverage". It is necessary to identify what the aim of treatment is. Firstly, it is necessary to suppress disease and for this purpose such drugs as

People Management & Performance in Contemporary Organisations Essay

People Management & Performance in Contemporary Organisations - Essay Example From this study it is clear that an effective performance appraisal system should also be implemented that will rate the employees according to their performance. Thus, adopting all these measures, the company can reduce its high attrition rate of graduate trainees and continue the normal organisational activities with greater productivity.This report stresses that  Pearl and Mutual Benefit Insurance Company (PMIC) is a financial service based organisation wherein higher rate of attrition of the employees has been witnessed. This can be justified with reference to the data produced at the end of the year 2014 revealing that 60% of the recruited graduate trainees have left the company for varied purposes such as change in career settings by shifting from one sector to other. One of the reasons behind this disturbing fact can be deemed as the persistence of inefficiency in the procedure of recruiting and selecting the trainees. It will be vital to mention in this similar concern that the recruitment procedure of PMIC must be structured in a strategic manner in order to select the potential graduates who would deemed fit with the company’s sales and hard driving oriented culture.  In accordance with the provided data on the case study, it can be ascertained that several graduate trainees who have been expensively recruited as well as trained have not obtained high ratings for their respective performance during annual appraisalsa.

Organic vs. industrial food Essay Example for Free

Organic vs. industrial food Essay Organic foods, although stereotypically known for having a bland taste or having no taste have been shown to improve ones quality of life be decreasing some health risk such as cancer or heart disease. If you haven’t realized it, organic fruits and vegetables taste better, and the flavor is crispier. The health consequences of genetically modified food, when examined closely, will convince you to change your eating habits. The shelf life of food depends on four main factors: formulation, processing, packaging and storage. Change any one of these conditions and you can change the shelf life for better or worse. Shelf life has many attributes: bacterial control, color stability, yeast and mold inhibition, flavor stability, textural stability and aroma stability. The appearance of shelf-life problems can be wide, as well, including oxidative browning, oxidation of flavor compounds, or liquescence. To increase the shelf life of more unstable foods, such as low-sugar jam, low-salt condiments, low-oil salad dressings, prepared fresh produce and deli meats, food companies may take steps to reduce bacterial load from ingredients before they process the final food. To grow, thrive and survive, microbes need a friendly environment; this usually includes moisture. Lowering moisture creates a hostile environment for bacteria by decreasing the available medium for them to grow in. There are a number of new ingredients to help regulate water activity in foods with a reduced fat phase. â€Å" Generally, the water activity of a minimally processed food needs to be about 0. 07 or lower, water has an a W rating of 1. 00, and most products preserved with sugar, measure about 0. 07, with the excess water bound so that bacteria are under osmotic pressure too great to survive(Katz, February 4, 2006). † Whenever you buy food, you have decision to make: Healthy or cheap, organic or industrial. If organic food was not so expensive, that decision would be easy, everybody would buy organic food, for a healthier body. Unfortunately not everybody can afford it, making it look like healthy food is becoming a luxury good. In the rush to produce more and more food for the people on this planet, chemicals came into play. Farmers begin by trying to sell the highest percentage of their crop and therefore often use pesticides, gen-manipulated corn, chemicals etc. The farmers investment in pesticides, hormones, and chemicals tends to pays off, earning more, their fruits look better and costumers are happy with huge pest fee fruits and vegetables. When a farmer says no to chemicals, he runs the risk of losing a harvest because of pests. The only way to compensate the cost is a higher price for organic food. You cant ask everybody to pay higher prices, and a lot of people would starve to death without the use of chemicals which protect harvests against pests. Every time you eat something, you consume pesticides, these substances are added in order to produce and sell more efficient. Fortunately there are strict rules for the use of chemicals. Organic foods are produced following practices described in the USDA National Organic Program (NOP), a marketing program with a certification process throughout the production and manufacturing chain. The NOP describes the practices that are required for labeling a product â€Å"organic,† but it does not address nutritional benefits or food safety issues. Even when you buy organic food, you are consuming these substances, but the bar is set at a different height and you are consuming less harmful substances that could be particularly hazards for high-risk groups such as pregnant women, infants, young children and farm worker households. Since organic food is not prepared using chemical fertilizers and pesticides, it does not contain any traces of these strong chemicals and might not affect the human body. People strongly believe that organic food tastes better than non-organic food. The prominent reason for this belief is that it is produced using organic means of production. Further organic food is often sold locally resulting in availability of fresh produce in the market. So how bad is industrial food? Let’s take a look; there are maximum residue limits on all pesticides and chemicals. The department of health determines how much of each substance is ok. Eating organic food lowers the risk of getting hit by a similar scenario, but its not a 100% guarantee (Are Organic Foods Better for You. 2010). However, getting seriously sick from cheap food is not that high of a risk as long as you read food labels you can eat cheap and healthy at the same time? If you are eating organic food only, you are still eating unhealthy foods. Almost everyone is aware that foods grown according to organic principles are free from over exposure to harmful pesticides, but that is only one small aspect. A larger part of organic agriculture is the health of the soil and the ecosystem in which crops are raised. Organic farmers know that healthy, live soils significantly benefit crops. Synthetic chemicals such as herbicides, pesticides, and/or fast acting inorganic fertilizers applied to or around crops interrupt or destroy the micro biotic activity in the soil. Organic farming reduces groundwater pollutants, decreases pesticides that can end up in your drinking glass; in some cities, pesticides in tap water have been measured at unsafe levels. The Farmer’s Market is a growers’ market, meaning everything in the market is homegrown, but Richard Bowie, an experienced organic grower is not convinced that all the food being sold is homegrown. â€Å"The market’s slogan ‘100% Homegrown makes us different’ is used as a gimmick, said Bowie† (Shreve, October 3, 2011). Vendors have been seen carrying produce and selling it to other vendors at the market bringing the term organically grown in to question and without certification, and but by law they cannot say they are a certified organically grown vendor. Most vendors cannot afford the certification process and want consumers to look past the term organic there for focus on the soil used or nutrients used. Almost everyone is aware that foods grown according to organic principles are free from over exposure to harmful pesticides, but that is only one small aspect. A larger part of organic agriculture is the health of the soil and the ecosystem in which crops are raised. Organic farmers know that healthy, live soils significantly benefit crops. Synthetic chemicals such as herbicides, pesticides, and/or fast acting inorganic fertilizers applied to or around crops interrupt or destroy the micro biotic activity in the soil. Organic farming reduces groundwater pollutants, decreases pesticides that can end up in your drinking glass; in some cities, pesticides in tap water have been measured at unsafe levels. We should choose farming methods that truly address our real concerns safety and sustainability, not simply methods that satisfy an arbitrary marketing label. To whatever extent these practices include methods that are permitted under organic rules. But theres never a case when a safe, more efficient, and sustainable modern technology that feeds more people worldwide should be disallowed for no logical reason. Eating â€Å"organic† alone doesn’t guarantee 100 percent healthy . The truth is that most Americans eat so badly that we get most of our calories from soft drinks, more than we do from vegetables; the top food group by caloric intake is â€Å"sweets†; and one-third of nation’s adults are now obese. It’s not unimportant, but it’s not the primary issue in the way Americans eat. To eat well, says means avoiding â€Å"edible food-like substances† and sticking to real ingredients, increasingly from the plant kingdom. There’s plenty of evidence that both a person’s health as well as the environment’s will improve with a simple shift in eating habits away from animal products and highly processed foods to plant products and what might be called â€Å"real food. † From these changes, Americans would reduce the amount of land, water and chemicals used to produce the food we eat, as well as the incidence of lifestyle diseases linked to unhealthy diets and greenhouse gases from industrial meat production. And the food would not necessarily have to be organic, all it takes is paying attention to what you eat and read your labels more closely. Participation on our part to be more aware of what we buy and to raise our voices, if need be. We can let our opinions be known even in the simplest ways. A good example is when we shop, if there is no substitute for the product we need, let the store owners know, they will surely change their products. Organic food is better as it uses natural farming techniques. It is similar to preferring natural remedies when suffering from a disease as compared to eating chemical antibiotics. So, the question of organic foods vs non organic foods; which is better, is clearly answered. Organic food surpasses the conventionally produced foods. References Katz, F. (Febuary 4, 2006). Formulating for increased shelf life. Retrieved November 22, 2011, from http://www. foodprocessing. com/articles/2006/039. html Are Organic Foods Better For You?. Retrieved November 19, 2011, from http://preventdisease. com/home/tips61. shtml Shreve, S. (October 3, 2011). Does organically grown produce really matter?. Retrieved November 21, 2011, from.

Should We Pay Farmers Not to Grow Crops? Essay -- Argumentative Agricu

Should We Pay Farmers Not to Grow Crops? The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) was established under the Conservation Title of the 1985 Food Security Act and is still in place today. This program which intended to assist with possible environmental problems is one that is beneficial to the farmers and our country's environment and therefore should stay in effect. However, it should be examined how this program is being conducted to ensure that the original objectives are being met today and with maximum efficiency. When the CRP was established in 1985 as a voluntary acreage retirement program, there were seven stated objectives that were introduced as well. 'The stated objectives of the CRP are to (a) reduce water and wind erosion, (b) protect our long-term capability to produce food and fiber, (c) reduce sedimentation, (d) improve water quality, (e) create better habitat for fish and wildlife through improved food and cover, (f) curb production of surplus commodities, and (g) provide needed income support for farmers' (Boggess and Reichelderfer 111). The program also was subject to the constraints of having a minimum of 5 million acres enrolled by 1986 and at least 10 million acres by 1989. It was also specified that no more than 25% of any one specific county's cropland can be enrolled in the program at the same time. (Boggess and Reichelderfer 111). In order to be qualified for the program owners and operators who currently farm 'highly erodible' land may apply for program funding. According to Dana Hoag and Herb Holloway, highly erodible land is defined as 'having an erodibility index greater than or equal to 8' (185). The main benefits of this program include the extra income for the farmers and the positive env... ... and Katherine Reichelderfer. ?Government Decision Making and Program Performance: The Case of the Conservation Reserve Program.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics. February 1988. 111-121. Buchholtz, Shawn, and Michael J. Roberts. ?Slippage in the Conservation Reserve Program or Spurious Correlation? A Comment.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics. February 2005. 244-250. Hoag, Dana L., and Herb A. Holloway. ?Farm Production Decisions Under Cross and Conservation Compliance.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics. February 1991. 184-193. Smith, Rodney B.W. ?The Conservation Reserve Program as a Least-Cost Land Retirement Mechanism.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics. April 2005. 52-67. Wu, Jun Jie. ?Slippage Effects of the Conservation Reserve Program.? American Journal of Agricultural Economics. November 2000. 979-992.

Metal Detectors: Justifying School Safety Essay

How much is your child’s safety worth? Are you willing to put a price tag on your child’s life? Many schools are putting a price tag, but fortunately several are not. A shocking one in ten students has carried a weapon to school in New York. Statistics like this cannot be music to the ears of parents. You have to wonder what schools are doing about this awful matter. A notion that has been around, yet a new idea is helping pave the future on student safety in schools. It is metal detectors. This new idea has caused controversy all over the world. Schools around the United States have turned to metal detectors for their solution. I feel that metal detectors are a small price to pay when this matter concerns children. Metal detectors are helpful and expensive. However, most schools are able to afford them, and they do not exploit students’ rights. Metal detectors ensure school safety quickly and effectively. They help enforce a practice that is seen in many areas, including airports and courthouses. Many may argue that they consume too much time and require specially trained professionals. On the contrary, several schools have taken the same measures that are taken when conducting a poll. Polls only use a small percent of the population for the actual questions, but it still represents the entire population. Countless cities, including New York, have â€Å"†¦set a predetermined method of scanning which allows them to scan every second or third student instead of the entire student body† (McDermott 2). This measure is closely monitored, and it has proven to be successful. Some schools have even made things move quicker by having the teachers enter through a different entrance, which also includes metal detectors. Metal detectors in schools are also enforcing a method that is commonly used everywhere these days. A st udent from Chicago states in a message board that, Government offices have metal detectors that everyone has to walk through before they enter. If I go to City Hall, I have to walk through a metal detector. If I go to court for a speeding ticket, I have to go through a metal detector. Why shouldn’t kids have to do the same in school? It’s a public place, funded by public dollars (much like government offices) and I  don’t see that it violates anyone’s civil rights to have to walk through a metal detector to ensure that a school is safe. Students lose many privileges when they enter the school doors because student safety is on the top of the list. If they do not want to be searched or questioned then they should not bring with them articles that are inappropriate for school. Leigh was right when he said metal detectors are expensive. They can range from $4,495 to $5,495 for the walk-through models and from one hundred to four hundred dollars for the hand-held models. This minor setback causes debates. Metal detectors may not be needed in all grades of schools. â€Å"A vast majority of school homicides and suicides – 179 – took place in high schools†¦Ã¢â‚¬  when surveyed in New York. Therefore, various school districts may only need to install the metal detectors in high schools. Another aspect is that taxpayers already pay for insufficient funds. They should use the money for safer schools, instead of funding a new, state-of-the-art prison. Public officials need to look into where other tax dollars are going, and try and focus on getting it to go to schools. Students go to school to be educated; if their education is impaired the school officials then need to step in. Students are also missing valuable time when public officials are required to search the entire school because of threats of a bomb or other life threatening incidents. † ‘All the kids are missing out on their education†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ † (Szaniszlo 1). This could have been prevented with the metal detectors. Although the threats are to be taken seriously, the officials would have a sense of relief with the metal detectors in place. Metal detectors are beneficial to everyone, and not just the students. For example, they enforce school policy and protect students. The school officials have a right to search with reasonable cause and this does not invade the students’ rights or privacy. The school officials are in loco parentis (in the place of the parent) to help maintain order in the school. Rules and regulations create a structure that is necessary t o ensure a safe environment, † . . . that will reinforce the District’s priority goal of safe schools for all students and staff† (Code of Conduct). Just as  students must obey the rules, school officials have a set of rules to follow. Also, parents are allowed to search their kids’ room without a search warrant mandatory, so school officials should be given the same standard. They are acting in loco parentis; therefore, like parents they do not need a search warrant. â€Å"The in loco parentis doctrine basically assumes that students have no legitimate expectation of privacy in their personal property, such as purses, gym bags, or clothing† (Persico 28). The school is now not only responsible for educating the children, but also for protecting them while in the school’s supervision. School officials â€Å"†¦were not permitted to begin a pat-down search until the scanning device had been activated twice†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (NYSSN). They are obligated to search when they feel the school environment has been threatened. School officials only begin a thorough search when the detector has beeped twice on the same student. Only then are they allowed to search the specific area where it beeped. Leigh states that metal detectors â€Å"†¦instill a sense of humiliation in students†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (654). Students would not be embarrassed if the search was done in private. He also mentions â€Å"†¦the most harmful effect of metal detectors is their psychological impact on students subjected to daily searches† (Leigh 653). I have to agree that it might cause such impact, but that it is worth the price. When a student dies on school grounds it also causes a sense of fear for classmates. Schools only have these powers because they are out to ensure our safety. Schools will use whatever means possible to protect he student body. The Columbine tragedy really awakened the American public. Who knew that two teenage boys would have access to guns and that they would intentionally use them to hurt others? Schools with the help of metal detectors would have a chance to prevent such incidents in the future. Metal detectors may not be a full-proof plan, but they would be valuable asset for schools. School districts are turning to this new phenomenon to better the school environment and community. Trying to work around the metal detectors idea or complaining about the cost are not the real issues. The students’ life is at stake. Nevertheless, to prevent the impossible from happening, adopting the idea of metal detectors is worth taking a chance.

Michel Foucault and John Locke

The private realm, with family life as its foundation, has a significant place in western culture, which has its roots in the notion of pater familias or family head that formulates the family life as a unique kingdom in Roman law. The private sphere that includes the family life and means a realm outside the public sphere began to be used only in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This concept initially referred to the realm outside the dynamic or active social life. This idea of the private sphere outside of the public life and of the center of the private activities have forced some political thinkers to take part in theoretical discussions regarding the separation of the public and private spheres. According to Locke, as the foundation of political authority, the social contract emerges outside the family life. Accordingly, the private realm can be defined as the realm of women, symbolized by sentimentality, compassion, love, sympathy and generosity. Contrary to this, the public sphere is the realm of men, dominated by rationality, mutual exchange and observation in every aspect of social life. Despite inspiring the emergence of a state, Locke's understanding of the public sphere continues to live on with different social elements that have their own dynamism. For Locke, therefore, the public sphere has two dimensions: â€Å"political† and â€Å"social.† The objective of the defined political sphere is to protect the freedom of the public along with its life and property rights. This is demonstrated in the Second Treaties of Government, in which Locke offers three different realms: the â€Å"private sphere† of women, the â€Å"public sphere† of men in general and the â€Å"political sphere† of state servants such as members of the police, military and judiciary. Contrary to Locke, Foucault focuses primarily on the notion of the public sphere merged with political authority. In this regard, â€Å"General Will† dominates public life as the product of men who have gone beyond family life. Such an understanding sharply differentiates Rousseau from Locke. In any case, it was Foucault who laid the foundation for a notion of a transcendental state that overshadows the public life dominated by free men. In Foucault's view, men who make up the differentiating public life outside of family life become the objects of civil society in a transcendental state. This transcendental state, he further argues, first combines all unique aspects and elements of different societal groups within its metaphysical container and then enforces its own ideology in order to claim control over them. In sum, as opposed to Locke, for Hegel and Rousseau there are two opposing spheres: a private realm belonging to women, children and the disabled, and a public life belonging to men who are united to the state structure with compassion and affection. It is thus evident that their conception of the public sphere is intimately connected to the political authority. In his Rà ©umà © des cours, those summaries published for all the prestigious Collà ¨ge de France lectures, the chapter entitled â€Å"Il faut dà ©fendre la socià ©tà ©Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"Society must be defended†) makes passing reference to race. Foucault was concerned with how war came to be an analytic tool of historical knowledge and of social relations at large. Moreover, the issue of racism in the lectures seems ancillary and oddly displaced. This is not a prelude to an argument that we have all missed the â€Å"real† Foucault, and that the key to a genealogy of racism is waiting for us in his taped lectures rather than in published form. Both texts are concerned with the emergence of an alternative discourse to that of sovereign right, to â€Å"a discourse of the war of races† that Foucault will identify as the first â€Å"contre-histoire† (counter-history) to a unitary conception of power represented in a historical discourse that served the sovereign state. Racism emerges as one of several possible domains in which technologies of sexuality are worked out and displayed. In the lectures, state racism is not an effect but a tactic in the internal fission of society into binary oppositions, a means of creating â€Å"biologized† internal enemies, against whom society must defend itself. On the issues of race and colonialism, we can notice several contradictory impulses in Foucault's work: a focus on racism and an elision of it, a historiography so locked in Europe and its discursive formations that colonial genocide and narratives about it could only be derivative of the internal dynamics of European states. The studied absence of the impact of colonial culture on Foucault's bourgeois order did more than constrain his mapping of the discourses of sexuality. In the end, Foucault confined his vision to a specific range of racisms, a range that students of colonial history who might choose to follow his genealogical methods would be prompted to reject. English political and social thought in the seventeenth century is characterized by the idea of possessive individualism. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries it became an underlying and unifying assumption. Its â€Å"possessive† quality is found in the condition of the individual as essentially the proprietor of his (or presumably her) own person or capacities, owing nothing to society for them. Thus for theorists such as John Locke, the individual â€Å"pre-figures† society, and society will be happy and secure to the extent that individuals are happy and secure. Not only does the individual own his or her own capacities, but, more crucially, each is morally and legally responsible for himself or herself. Freedom from dependence on others means freedom from relations with others except those relations entered into voluntarily out of self-interest. Human society is simply a series of market relations between self-interested subjects. For Foucault it is guided by an â€Å"invisible hand.† For John Locke society is a â€Å"joint stock company† of which individuals are shareholders. Paradoxically, while the impact of individualism was dominant in relation to the social, political, educational, and scientific ideas of the late nineteenth, early twentieth century, this period actually marked a major extension of the State's authority over every aspect of the individual's life and to every corner of society. The problems of urbanization, population increases, immigration, war, and a major concern with eugenics gave rise to more regulation and control, leading to the State's encouragement of various forms of social research. Locke argues that since absolute monarchs claim the right to be â€Å"Judges in their own Cases,† because absolute monarchy is based on the assumption that no individual on earth has a right to challenge the legitimacy of the will of an absolute monarch, it is irrational because of the rational prohibition against any man being a judge in his own case. Moreover, since an absolute monarch claims the right to absolute power and control over all his subjects, it is irrational because any attempt to exert absolute power and control by one person over another violates the rational precepts of the law of nature and establishes a state of war between individuals. As such, an absolute monarch is held by Locke to be in a state of war with his subjects, and since civil government is established to prevent a state of war, absolute monarchy provides no â€Å"remedy for the Inconveniences of the state of nature,† for it is but a continuation of a state of war. In this manner, Locke presents us with his criticism of the rational and moral legitimacy of absolute monarchy, and thereby establishes the principle that a necessary condition of legitimate government is that it be limited in the permissible exercise of political power and authority. Limited government, that is, becomes the legitimate alternative to any form of absolute government. Furthermore, it is also possible to understand that, for Locke, the law of nature establishes the legitimate limitation on government, in the sense that the exercise of political power and authority is only legitimate if it protects the natural rights of individuals to â€Å"Life, Health, Liberty, or Possessions.† At this point, Locke introduces the idea of consent, by claiming that since individuals are, â€Å"by nature, all free, equal and independent, no one can be put out of this Estate and subjected to the Political Power of another, without his own Consent.† Accordingly, it logically follows that the transformation from a nonpolitical existence to a political one can only legitimately be accomplished by the individual consent of each individual in the state of nature. Does this particular use of the idea of consent constitute anything more than formal conformity to the methodological requirements of contractarian thought, or does it have a more substantive status within the context of Locke's political thought? In relation to the issue of subjectivity, Foucault rejects identity-based politics rooted in the notion of an historical, pre-discursive â€Å"I.† For Foucault â€Å"identities† are â€Å"self representations† or â€Å"fixations† that are neither fixed nor stable. The subject is not a â€Å"thing† outside of culture, and there is no pure â€Å"state of nature† to ground history either. The subject is not a substantive entity at all but rather a process of signification with an open system of discursive possibilities. The self is a regulated but not determined set of practices and possibilities. Conclusion Asserts Foucault, â€Å"If the genealogist refuses to extend his faith in metaphysics, if he listens to history, he finds that there is ‘something altogether different' behind things; not a timeless and essential secret, but the secret that they have no essence or that their essence was fabricated in a piecemeal fashion from alien forms.† Contrary to what John Locke would contend about power, unity (whether of consciousness proper or the continuity of personal experience) is not the essence of subjectivity. Unity is a mask for an interplay of anonymous forces and historical accidents that permits us to identify subjects, to identify ourselves, as specific human beings. Unity-identity-is imposed on subjects as the mask of their fabrication. Subjectivity is the carceral and incarcerating expression of this imposition, of the limitations drawn around us by discourses of truth and practices of individualization; but seen through the â€Å"differential knowledge† of genealogy, the identity of subjectivity collapses. RESOURCES John Locke â€Å"Second Treaties of Government,† Two Treaties of Government, ed. Peter Laslett (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), chapter VII. Foucault M. (1997k). â€Å"Society must be defended†. In M. Foucault, Ethics, Subjectivity and Truth: The Essential Works (Ed. P. Rabinow, trans. R. Hurley) (pp. 5966). Allen Lane, London: Penguin Press.   

Battle of Blore Heath - War of the Roses

Battle of Blore Heath - War of the Roses Battle of Blore Heath - Conflict Date: The Battle of Blore Heath was fought September 23, 1459, during the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). Armies Commanders: Lancastrian James Touchet, Baron AudleyJohn Sutton, Baron Dudley8,000-14,000 men Yorkists Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury3,000-5,000 men Battle of Blore Heath - Background: Open fighting between the Lancastrian forces of King Henry VI and the Richard, Duke of York began in 1455 at the First Battle of St. Albans. A Yorkist victory, the battle was a relatively minor engagement and Richard did not attempt to usurp the throne. In the four years that followed, an uneasy peace settled over the two sides and no fighting occurred. By 1459, tensions had again risen and both sides actively began recruiting forces. Establishing himself at Ludlow Castle in Shropshire, Richard began summoning troops for action against the king. These efforts were countered by the Queen, Margaret of Anjou who was raising men in support of her husband. Learning that Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury was moving south from Middleham Castle in Yorkshire to join Richard, she dispatched a newly raised force under James Touchet, Baron Audley to intercept the Yorkists. Marching out, Audley intended to set an ambush for Salisbury at Blore Heath near Market Drayton. Moving onto the barren heathland on September 23, he formed his 8,000-14,000 men behind a great hedge facing northeast towards Newcastle-under-Lyme. Battle of Blore Heath - Deployments: As the Yorkists approached later that day, their scouts spotted the Lancastrian banners which protruded over the top of the hedge. Alerted to the enemys presence, Salisbury formed his 3,000-5,000 men for battle with his left anchored on a wood and his right on his wagon train which had been circled. Outnumbered, he intended to fight a defensive battle. The two forces were separated by Hempmill Brook which ran across the battlefield. Wide with steep sides and a strong current, the stream was a significant obstruction for both forces. Battle of Blore Heath - Fighting Begins: The fighting opened with fire from the opposing armies archers. Due to the distance separating the forces, this proved largely ineffectual. Realizing that any attack on Audleys larger army was doomed to fail, Salisbury sought to lure the Lancastrians out of their position. To accomplish this, he began a feigned retreat of his center. Seeing this, a force of Lancastrian cavalry charged forward, possibly without orders. Having accomplished his goal, Salisbury returned his men to their lines and met the enemy assault. Battle of Blore Heath - Yorkist Victory: Striking the Lancastrians as they crossed the stream, they repelled the attack and inflicted heavy losses. Withdrawing to their lines, the Lancastrians reformed. Now committed to the offensive, Audley led a second assault forward. This achieved greater success and the bulk of his men crossed the stream and engaged the Yorkists. In a period of brutal fighting, Audley was struck down. With his death, John Sutton, Baron Dudley, took command and led forward an additional 4,000 infantry. Like the others, this attack proved unsuccessful. As the fighting swung in the favor of the Yorkists, around 500 Lancastrians deserted to the enemy. With Audley dead and their lines wavering, the Lancastrian army broke from the field in a rout. Fleeing the heath, they were pursued by Salisburys men as far as the River Tern (two miles away) where additional casualties were inflicted. Battle of Blore Heath - Aftermath: The Battle of Blore Heath cost the Lancastrians around 2,000 killed, while the Yorkists incurred around 1,000. Having defeated Audley, Salisbury camped at Market Drayton before pressing on to Ludlow Castle. Concerned about Lancastrian forces in the area, he paid a local friar to fire a on cannon the battlefield through the night to convince them that the battle was ongoing. Though a decisive battlefield victory for the Yorkists, the triumph at Blore Heath was soon undercut by Richards defeat at Ludford Bridge on October 12. Bested by the king, Richard and his sons were forced to flee the country. Selected Sources UK Battlefields Resource Centre: Battle of Blore HeathWars of the Roses: Blore Heath